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The Art of War · Chapter 7

军争

Jūn Zhēng
Maneuvering

The hardest art is turning the roundabout into the direct and misfortune into gain. Move by advantage, be as fast as wind and still as a mountain, and never fight for the sake of fighting.

Two roads to the same pass — the short one broken, the long one worn pale with use.
Two roads to the same pass — the short one broken, the long one worn pale with use. Artist’s impression, drawn for RECATOOLS. The Book of Han’s catalogue records nine scrolls of diagrams alongside Sun Tzu’s text; not one of them survives. How the thirteen reached us →

What this chapter says

Maneuvering — getting an army into an advantageous position before the enemy — is the most difficult thing in war, because you must make a devious, roundabout route serve as the direct one, and turn a disadvantage into an advantage. Set off after the enemy yet arrive before him by taking the winding path and tempting him with a bait. But the maneuver has risks: race too fast with your whole force and your supplies fall behind; push troops beyond endurance and only a fraction arrive fit to fight. War is grounded in deception, moves by advantage, and adapts by dividing and recombining. Sun Tzu's famous image of the well-run army follows: as swift as the wind, as quiet as the forest, raiding like fire, immovable as a mountain — matching its tempo to the moment.

Key lines

以迂为直,以患为利。
The difficulty of tactical maneuvering consists in turning the devious into the direct, and misfortune into gain.
其疾如风,其徐如林,侵掠如火,不动如山。
Let your rapidity be that of the wind, your compactness that of the forest. In raiding and plundering be like fire, in immovability like a mountain.
兵以诈立,以利动。
In war, practise dissimulation, and you will succeed. Move only if there is a real advantage to be gained.

Applied today

Business

The indirect route often reaches the goal faster: a partnership, an adjacent market, a reframing can turn an apparent detour into the shortest path — and a present setback into leverage. Move only where there's real advantage.

Leadership

Match your tempo to the moment — move fast when speed wins, hold utterly still when patience does. And beware the cost of overreach: pushing a team past its limits to seize a prize can leave you arriving with a fraction of your strength.

Related stratagems

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