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Stratagem 17 · Attacking Stratagems

抛砖引玉

pāo zhuān yǐn yù
Toss out a brick to draw in jade

Offer something small to draw out something large. Put out a modest bait — a partial idea, a minor concession, a first move — so the other side reveals, contributes, or commits the far greater thing you actually want.

A rough brick at a pond's edge, something far finer glowing beneath the surface.
A rough brick at a pond's edge, something far finer glowing beneath the surface. Artist’s impression, drawn for RECATOOLS. No illustration of the Thirty-Six survives from antiquity — the collection itself only surfaced in the 1940s. How the Thirty-Six reached us →

The principle

Value flows toward whoever moves first with something concrete. A rough draft invites better edits than a blank page; a modest offer draws a real counter; showing a little gets the other side to show a lot. The 'brick' is deliberately imperfect or minor — cheap to give, yet enough to trigger the reciprocity, competitiveness, or engagement that surfaces the 'jade.' The skill is calibration: the bait must be real enough to prompt a genuine response, but never so good that it satisfies them or gives away your position before the jade appears.

Historical origin

The idiom comes from a Tang literary anecdote. The lesser poet Chang Jian, hoping to draw verses from the greater poet Zhao Gu, is said to have written two lines on a wall at a temple Zhao Gu was known to visit; Zhao Gu duly added two finer lines to complete the poem. Chang Jian had 'thrown a brick to attract jade.' The phrase became a stratagem: put out a small, imperfect offering to elicit a far more valuable response.

Applied today

Business

Release a rough concept or a free basic tool and invite feedback; users and partners will pour in ideas, data, and demand far more valuable than what you put out — the brick surfaces the jade.

Negotiation

Open with a small, concrete concession to break a stalemate. A modest first give often unlocks a much larger reciprocal move — momentum, once started with something real, tends to compound in your favour.

In practice

Invented scenarios showing this stratagem at work — illustrations, not reports of real events.

AI & Technology a small model-evaluation project

Ninety questions, published rough

A two-person team published an evaluation set of ninety questions with its answers and a note admitting where the grading was crude. Within a month strangers had corrected eleven answers, contributed a category the team had missed entirely, and argued them out of one scoring rule. Publishing something imperfect drew more expertise in four weeks than a year of internal review had.

Use it Publish your evaluation set early and imperfectly — the corrections it attracts are worth more than the polish you withheld.

Business & Strategy a manufacturer redesigning a product line

The deliberately unfinished draft

A polished concept had circulated the previous year and drawn nothing but approval. This time the team sent out a visibly rough version: three options, and an obvious gap in the middle. Sales, service and two long-standing customers filled the gap within a week and disagreed usefully about the rest. Finished work invites compliments; unfinished work invites the corrections you actually needed.

Use it Circulate something deliberately incomplete when you want real critique — polish reads as a decision already taken elsewhere.

Cybersecurity a file server and a decoy document

The credential nobody should ever use

The team planted a document named like a password-vault export, holding one account with no permissions anywhere and a single alert attached to it. The thing was worth nothing and took an afternoon to make. Eleven months later it was opened and the account was tried twice, which is how an intrusion was caught in its first hour rather than its fifth week.

Use it Seed worthless decoys where a thief would look — a lure nobody legitimate ever touches makes unusually clean detection.

Marketing a small accounting practice

The calculator that sold the service

Instead of advertising, a two-person practice published a genuinely useful tax-estimate calculator and gave it away with no signup. Most visitors used it and left. A minority reached a number they did not like, and those were the ones who booked a consultation. The giveaway was modest; what it drew back was qualified and self-selected.

Use it Offer something small and genuinely useful first — value given freely attracts the people worth talking to.

🔤 Look up this idiom: 抛砖引玉 (成语词典)

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