What "Known Exploited" Actually Means
There is a free, public list of the software flaws attackers are genuinely using, and its shape is not what the phrase s...
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How Many Domains Does Your Bank Send Email From?
Every scam-email guide ends with "check the sender", which assumes a bank is a domain. We read the published records for...
First-Party, Third-Party: What the Cookie Labels Hide
Six public homepages, a fresh browser profile each, no banner answered: from 0 cookies to 54. But the count is the wrong...
Public Wi-Fi: The Warning Is Out of Date, the Exposure Is Not
All eight sites we checked end on HTTPS and all eight set HSTS, so nobody on the café network can read what you send — i...
Can a Deleted File Be Recovered? We Erased the Whole Volume and Read It Back
We wrote a file marked so it could not be mistaken for anything else, deleted it, then erased the entire volume the way...
What Can a Browser Extension See? We Read the Manifests
The permission dialogue tells you exactly what an extension may do, in a vocabulary that means little until you have see...
What Does a QR Code Actually Store? You Cannot Tell by Looking
Two codes pointing at two different sites differ in 35.6 per cent of their squares — and no human can tell, because nobo...
Is This Email Really From Them? The Check You Cannot See
The sender name is free text and the address can be forged. The real check happens in DNS before the message reaches you...
What Does Incognito Mode Actually Do? Less Than the Name Suggests
A private window destroys a storage container when you close it — five things go with it, all of them data your own devi...
What Does the Padlock Actually Prove? We Read Six Real Certificates
It certifies that the connection is encrypted and that the name in the address bar matches the certificate. It says noth...
What Is My IP Address, and What Does It Actually Reveal?
It identifies a connection, not a person. It gives away your country reliably, your network operator exactly, and — the...
How to Redact a PDF So the Text Is Actually Gone
A black rectangle removes nothing, and the check most people run afterwards returns nothing on a file that is leaking ba...
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