Biology

Allele frequencies from genotype counts — with a χ² test against Hardy-Weinberg

20 amino acids — codes, names, codons · 3 curricula

Stage time = (cells in stage ÷ total cells) × cell-cycle time

Codon ↔ amino acid lookup + full code table · 7 curricula

p + q = 1 and p² + 2pq + q² = 1 — genotype frequencies from allele frequencies

M = objective × eyepiece — work out magnification · 3 curricula

Monohybrid & dihybrid crosses, instant ratios · 7 curricula