Over 24 hours to the morning of 27 September 2026 (Singapore time), NFT collections on OpenSea that enforce their creator's royalty paid it on 711 of 719 sales. Collections where the royalty was optional paid it on 22 of 627.
So creators do still get royalties, when the collection's contract makes the sale pay them. When it does not, the royalty is a request, and on OpenSea the person who decides whether to honour it is the seller. That is not an oversight. The Ethereum standard that publishes a royalty, EIP-2981, says in its own text that "the royalty payment must be voluntary", because a token moving between wallets is not always a sale, and a contract cannot tell the difference.
The seller, who decides first
On OpenSea, a creator sets their "creator earnings" (the same thing other marketplaces call a royalty or creator fee) in the collection's settings, up to a maximum of 10%. Since 31 August 2023, for most collections those earnings are optional. OpenSea's help centre says a listing includes the creator's preferred earnings by default, that the seller can change the percentage, and that there is no minimum. The royalty comes out of the price the buyer pays, so every percentage point paid to the creator is a point the seller does not keep.
In our 24-hour sample, 22 of the 627 sales on optional collections paid anything, 3.5%. By value, those collections' creators asked for 4.90 ETH across the window and received 0.32 ETH, or 6.6%. The sample is one day on one marketplace, counting only sales carrying OpenSea's own fee in the collections among its hundred most-traded whose settings we could read, so it describes that day and not the market. It does show why our NFT royalty calculator starts with the royalty unpaid on optional collections.
Whether royalty income or a resale gain is taxable depends on where you live, and is not covered here; in Singapore and Malaysia the questions go to IRAS and LHDN.
The marketplace, which takes its cut either way
OpenSea charges 1% on a sale, included in the price the buyer sees. That has been the rate since 15 September 2025, when it rose from 0.5%, according to OpenSea's developer changelog. OpenSea's own developer guide still carried a worked example at 2.5% in August 2026, which gives some idea how fast fee tables go out of date.
Not every marketplace settles a sale the same way. Tensor, on Solana, charges a 2% fee to whoever takes the order, and its documentation says a buyer of a listing pays the royalty and the fee on top of the listed price, so the seller receives the full amount. On a collection where the royalty is optional, the buyer chooses to pay none, half or all of it. Our calculator shows what the buyer pays as well as what the seller keeps, so a Tensor listing comes out the way Tensor's documentation describes it. Foundation, once the best-known marketplace that enforced royalties, has been offline since 27 April 2026.
The creator, who is paid when the contract insists
Enforcement came back to Ethereum through the contract. From 2 April 2024 OpenSea has enforced creator earnings on collections built with ERC-721C, a Limit Break standard that lets a contract refuse transfers made by trading programs the creator has not approved. The price is on OpenSea's own page: an enforced collection trades only on OpenSea and marketplaces using Limit Break's Payment Processor. The creator gains the royalty and loses every other venue.
We checked the contracts behind the Ethereum collections among OpenSea's hundred most-traded on 27 September 2026. Nine exposed the ERC-721C interface. The seven with a transfer validator switched on were all marked as enforced by OpenSea, and the two with it switched off were both marked optional. On Solana the mechanism has the same shape: Metaplex says an ordinary Token Metadata NFT "cannot enforce secondary sales royalties", while programmable NFTs and Core assets can, through a rule set that allows or denies trading programs. On both chains enforcement is something the creator switches on, not a property of the chain.
The number a creator publishes is not always the number that gets paid, either. Of the 48 Ethereum collections in that top hundred whose settings we could read, 31 did not implement EIP-2981's royaltyInfo() at all; for those, the royalty exists only as a marketplace setting. Of the 17 that did, 8 published a different rate from the one set on OpenSea: jpeg-frens returned 0% from its contract and 5.01% on OpenSea. OpenSea can also lower a collection's rate to match a lower one the creator set on another marketplace. The rate that applies to a sale is the one the marketplace's checkout shows.
The network, which charges gas
Gas is the fee paid to process the transaction on the blockchain, and it is not part of any of the percentages above. On OpenSea the buyer pays it when buying a fixed-price listing, and the seller pays it when accepting an offer. In the transactions we examined from 27 September 2026, the median was about 0.00004 ETH to buy a listing and 0.00007 ETH to accept an offer. On an expensive NFT that is negligible. On the median sale in an earlier six-hour sample, 0.0023 ETH, it was 1.8% of the price, more than OpenSea's fee.
The ledger for a 1 ETH sale
Here is the breakdown for a 1 ETH sale on OpenSea in a collection asking for a 5% royalty, first as an optional fee and then as an enforced one. It is followed by a 1 SOL listing on Tensor with a 5% royalty enforced, following that marketplace's documentation. Fees as published on 27 September 2026.
| Sale | Buyer pays | Marketplace | Creator | Seller keeps | Gas |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OpenSea, optional, seller includes the 5% | 1 ETH | 0.01 ETH | 0.05 ETH | 0.94 ETH | about 0.00004 ETH, buyer |
| OpenSea, optional, seller declines | 1 ETH | 0.01 ETH | 0 | 0.99 ETH | about 0.00004 ETH, buyer |
| OpenSea, enforced | 1 ETH | 0.01 ETH | 0.05 ETH | 0.94 ETH | about 0.00004 ETH, buyer |
| Tensor listing, enforced | 1.07 SOL | 0.02 SOL | 0.05 SOL | 1 SOL | not measured |